王钰;潘媛;伍晓丽;莫让瑜;谭均;陈大霞;
WANG Yu;PAN Yuan;WU Xiao-Li;MO Rang-Yu;TAN Jun;CHEN Da-xia;Chongqing Sub-center of National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources, Institute of Material Medical Planting,Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica;

• 1:重庆市中药研究院中药种植研究所重庆市中药资源学重点实验室中国中医科学院中药资源中心重庆分中心

摘要(Abstract)：

自然林下种植和人工搭棚种植是目前黄连大生产上主要的种植模式,研究这2种种植模式对根际土壤理化性质及细菌群落结构的影响,有助于深入了解黄连土壤健康状况,为土壤改良及黄连生态种植提供科学依据和理论指导。该研究采用高通量测序技术对2种模式下一至五年生黄连根际土壤中细菌群落进行测定,分析了土壤细菌的alpha多样性、群落组成、群落结构差异以及土壤理化性质与细菌群落的关系。结果表明,在2种种植模式下,细菌多样性都是随种植年限的增加呈现增加、减少再增加的动态变化过程。将不同种植模式下同一年生黄连根际土壤相比,自然林种植模式下一年生黄连土壤细菌的多样性显著低于人工搭棚;2种种植模式下,二至五年生黄连根际土壤细菌多样性无显著性差异。在自然林种植模式下共计检测到53个门、60个纲、140个目和266个科;人工搭棚模式下共计检测到54个门、65个纲、140个目和264个科。在这2种种植模式下,丰度前10的优势细菌门占90.14%～93.29%,未被鉴定的细菌门占3.15%～3.92%。2种种植模式下群落丰度前10的优势细菌门种类相同,分别是变形菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门、浮霉菌门、绿弯菌门、疣微菌门、芽单胞菌门、厚壁菌门和蓝细菌门,但在丰度排序上存在差异。MetaStat分析结果表明,在人工搭棚模式下黄连根际土壤中的芽单胞菌门丰度显著高于自然林种植模式(P<0.05)。不同种植模式下相同年份黄连根际土壤细菌群落结构分析结果表明:一至四年生黄连根际土壤细菌群落结构存在显著差异,其中一年生样品之间的差异最大;随着种植年限增加,差异有逐渐减小的趋势;五年生样品之间细菌群落结构已无显著差异。细菌群落结构与土壤理化性质的RDA分析表明,环境因子对黄连根际土壤细菌的影响力由大到小依次为:pH>速效磷>全磷>全钾>容重>全氮>速效氮>有机质。
The natural forest and artificial shed are the main cropping modes of Coptis chinensis. This study is aimed to reveal the rhizosphere soil bacterial community structure difference between under tow C. chinensis cropping modes-natural forest and artificial shed, and to assist us to completely understand soil quality condition,and provide theoretical guidance for soil improvement and C. chinensis planting. The rhizosphere soil samples of 1-5-year-old C. chinensis under tow cropping modes-natural forest and artificial shed were collected. Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the alpha diversity, community composition, community structure of soil bacteria under the tow cropping modes,and the effects of soil nutriment indices on soil bacterial community structure. Through the analysis of species number, Shannon, Chao1 index and ACE index of bacterial community, it was found that the bacterial diversity of 1-year-old C. chinensis soil under natural forest cropping mode was significantly lower than that under artificial shed cropping mode, and the diversity of bacterial communities in soil of 2-5-years old C. chinensis were not significant different between two cropping modes. A total of 53 phyla,60 classes,140 orders and 266 families were detected in the rhizosphere soil of C. chinensis under the cropping modes of natural forest, respectively. The rhizosphere soil of C. chinensis under the cropping modes of artificial shed included 54 phyla,65 classes,140 orders and 264 families, respectively. Under the two cropping modes, the top 10 dominant species of bacterial community abundance are the same, they are Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi, Verrucomicrobia, Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes and Cyanobacteria, but there are differences in the abundance sequence. The top 10 dominant species of bacterial community abundance accounted for 74.36% to 74.30% of the total bacteria, and 3.15% to 3.92% of the bacteria are unclassified. The results of Metastat analysis showed that the abundance of Gemmatimonadetes in the rhizosphere soil of C. chinensis under the cropping modes the artificial shed was significantly higher than that under the natural forest cropping mode(P<0.05). MRPP analysis of community structure differences showed that under tow cropping modes, there were significant differences in the bacterial community structure of 1-4-year-old soil bacteria, among which the difference between 1-year-old soil samples was the largest. With the increase of cropping years, the difference gradually decreases, and there is no significant difference in the bacterial community structure between 5-year-old soil samples. RDA analysis and correlation analysis of bacterial community structure and soil physical and chemical properties showed that the order of environmental factors on the rhizosphere soil bacteria of Coptis chinensis was: pH>available P> total P> total K>bulk density>total N>available N>organic matter. The results are helpful to understand the soil health of C. chinensis and provide scientific basis and theoretical guidance for soil improvement and C. chinensis planting.

关键词(KeyWords)： 黄连;根际土壤;理化性质;细菌;群落结构
Coptis chinensis;rhizosphere soil;physicochemical properties;bacteria;community structure

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1702601);; 重庆市基本科研业务费项目(jbky20190022);; 重庆市科卫联合中医药科技项目(ZY201802040)

作者(Author): 王钰;潘媛;伍晓丽;莫让瑜;谭均;陈大霞;
WANG Yu;PAN Yuan;WU Xiao-Li;MO Rang-Yu;TAN Jun;CHEN Da-xia;Chongqing Sub-center of National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources, Institute of Material Medical Planting,Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica;

Email:

DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20201122.105

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