滕菲;李祥溦;李敏;范冬冬;朱晶晶;高慧敏;王智民;
TENG Fei;LI Xiang-wei;LI Min;FAN Dong-dong;ZHU Jing-jing;GAO Hui-min;WANG Zhi-min;National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences;Pharmaceutical Research Institute of Qilu Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.;

• 1:中国中医科学院中药研究所中药质量控制技术国家工程实验室
• 2:齐鲁制药有限公司药物研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

该实验利用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS^E技术分析绞股蓝不同部位的皂苷成分，共鉴定46种皂苷成分，其中地下部位的皂苷种类比地上部位多26种，且多为三糖皂苷；利用高脂饲料建立大鼠高脂血症模型，研究绞股蓝地下部位总皂苷的降脂活性，为绞股蓝地下部位的综合利用提供理论依据。99只健康SD大鼠，随机分为空白组，模型组，阳性药组，地上总皂苷组，地下总皂苷低、中、高剂量组。除空白组外，其余各组均饲喂高脂饲料6周，根据血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)及血清甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)水平判定造模是否成功。连续灌胃给药30 d后，观察状态，测定体质量、肝比重、TC、TG、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、胆红素，总胆汁酸、肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、肝组织丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化物酶增殖物激活受体(PPAR-γ),HE染色观察肝脏病理变化情况。从结果看，地上部位总皂苷、地下部位总皂苷中、高剂量连续给药可治疗肝细胞脂肪变性，降低模型大鼠血清中TC、TG、LDL-C、ALT、AST、总胆红素、MDA、PPAR-γ水平，升高HDL-C、SOD水平，且随着给药剂量增大，趋势更加明显。因此，地下部位的绞股蓝总皂苷具有良好的降低血脂的药理作用，这为绞股蓝地下部位的综合利用提供了理论依据。
The saponins in different parts of Gynostemma pentaphyllum were analyzed via UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE技术分析绞股蓝不同部位的皂苷成分，共鉴定46种皂苷成分，其中地下部位的皂苷种类比地上部位多26种，且多为三糖皂苷；利用高脂饲料建立大鼠高脂血症模型，研究绞股蓝地下部位总皂苷的降脂活性，为绞股蓝地下部位的综合利用提供理论依据。99只健康SD大鼠，随机分为空白组，模型组，阳性药组，地上总皂苷组，地下总皂苷低、中、高剂量组。除空白组外，其余各组均饲喂高脂饲料6周，根据血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)及血清甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)水平判定造模是否成功。连续灌胃给药30 d后，观察状态，测定体质量、肝比重、TC、TG、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、胆红素，总胆汁酸、肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、肝组织丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化物酶增殖物激活受体(PPAR-γ),HE染色观察肝脏病理变化情况。从结果看，地上部位总皂苷、地下部位总皂苷中、高剂量连续给药可治疗肝细胞脂肪变性，降低模型大鼠血清中TC、TG、LDL-C、ALT、AST、总胆红素、MDA、PPAR-γ水平，升高HDL-C、SOD水平，且随着给药剂量增大，趋势更加明显。因此，地下部位的绞股蓝总皂苷具有良好的降低血脂的药理作用，这为绞股蓝地下部位的综合利用提供了理论依据。
The saponins in different parts of Gynostemma pentaphyllum were analyzed via UPLC-Q-TOF-MS^E. A total of 46 saponins were identified, and the underground part had 26 saponins more than the aboveground part, most of which were trisaccharide saponins. The rat model of hyperlipidemia was established with high-fat diet. This study explored the lipid-lowering activity of total saponins in the underground part of G. pentaphyllum, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of the underground part of G. pentaphyllum. A total of 99 healthy SD rats were randomly assigned into a blank group, a model group, a positive drug group, an aboveground total saponins group, and low-, medium-, and high-dose underground total saponins groups. Except the blank group, the other groups were fed with high-fat diet for 6 weeks. Then, the blood was collected from the orbital cavity to determine whether the modeling was successful according to the serum levels of total cholesterol(TC) and triglyceride(TG). After intragastric administration of the corresponding agents for 30 continuous days, the physical state of the rats were observed, and the body weight and liver specific gravity were measured. Furthermore, the levels of TC, TG, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), alanine transaminase(ALT), aspartate transaminase(AST), bilirubin, and total bile acids in serum, as well as the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA), peroxidase proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR-γ) in the liver tissue, were determined. The pathological changes of liver was observed via HE staining. The results showed that the aboveground total saponins and medium-and high-dose underground total saponins can treat hepatocyte steatosis, lower TC, TG, LDL-C, ALT, AST, total bilirubin, MDA, and PPAR-γ levels, and increase HDL-C and SOD levels in the model rats. The effect tended to be more obvious with the increase in dosage. Therefore, the total saponins in the underground part of G. pentaphyllum have good pharmacological effect of reducing blood lipid, which provides a theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of the underground part of G. pentaphyllum.

关键词(KeyWords)： 绞股蓝;地下部位;总皂苷;降脂
Gynostemma pentaphyllum;underground part;total saponins;lipid-lowering

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A04408);; 国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1701901)

作者(Authors): 滕菲;李祥溦;李敏;范冬冬;朱晶晶;高慧敏;王智民;
TENG Fei;LI Xiang-wei;LI Min;FAN Dong-dong;ZHU Jing-jing;GAO Hui-min;WANG Zhi-min;National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences;Pharmaceutical Research Institute of Qilu Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.;

DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220613.701

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典.四部[M].北京：中国医药科技出版社，2020:556.
• [2] 黄晓飞，宋烨，宋成武，等.绞股蓝不同组分的降血糖活性研究[J].湖北中医杂志，2013,35(6):67.
• [3] 王荣，刘雪峰，苏曦，等.长梗绞股蓝总皂苷和绞股蓝总皂苷调节血脂作用的对比研究[J].中国新药杂志，2021,30(20):1875.
• [4] 黄菊青，林斌，徐庆贤，等.绞股蓝茶饮对高脂血症大鼠脂质代谢和肠道菌群的影响[J].中国食品学报，2018,18(6):27.
• [5] 彭卫华.绞股蓝总苷分散片治疗高血脂患者的临床价值[J].中西医结合心血管病电子杂志，2017,5(16):51.
• [6] 雷婧，许韩婷，苏洁，等.不同含量绞股蓝皂苷对高脂血症大鼠血脂的影响[J].上海中医药大学学报，2014,28(2):60.
• [7] 李露，范红艳，戴婷，等.绞股蓝总皂苷的药理作用研究进展[J].吉林医药学院学报，2015,36(2):147.
• [8] 董利华，匡艳辉，范冬冬，等.不同加工方式绞股蓝皂苷类成分比较研究[J].中国中药杂志，2018,43(3):502.
• [9] 石嫚嫚.绞股蓝中有效成分的分离纯化、鉴定及活性研究[D].广州：华南理工大学，2017.
• [10] 赵家军，高聆，陈文斌，等.绞股蓝皂苷XLIX在制备用于改善肝脏脂肪代谢药物中的应用：CN111249290B [P].2020-12-25.
• [11] 徐世明，高海，彭勇.一种绞股蓝皂苷XLIX的提取方法和治疗糖尿病和高血脂症的药物：CN111349135A [P].2020-06-30.
• [12] 胡晓安，胡萌萌，吴晗，等.绞股蓝皂苷XLIX的研究概况[J].中国医药科学，2019,9(6):24.
• [13] 刘洁，孙向军，史海明.防治肥胖症的三萜皂苷类化合物、制备方法及其应用：CN104926911B [P].2017-10-17.